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Objective:To explore the structural differences in series scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) in Parkinson's disease patients with anxiety. Methods:From January, 2016 to December, 2017, 180 inpatients with Parkinson's disease in Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital were reviewed. Their age, gender, course of disease were recorded, and were assessed with HAMA, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRSIII)，Hoehn-Yahr stage and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). They were divided into non-anxiety group, possible anxiety group, anxiety group and very anxiety group according to the scores of HAMA. The demographics, clinical data and series scores of HAMA were compared among these groups. The correlation between HAMA and HAMD were anlyzed. Results:The course of disease, UPDRSIII scores and the most improvement ratio by drug increased with the severities of anxiety (F > 4.951, P < 0.001), as well as the series scores of HAMA (F > 188.241, P < 0.001); however, the proportion of psychogenic anxiety score increased with the severities of anxiety. The scores of HAMA correlated with the scores of HAMD (r = 0.665, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The more serious the anxiety is, the more psychogenic are in Parkinson's disease patients.
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Objective:To study the prevalence and related factors of apathy in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD)． Methods:From November, 2017 to December, 2019, 254 PD patients in our hospital were included. According to Starkstein Apathy Scale (SAS), they were divided into apathy group and non-apathy group. Clinical data such as demographic data, motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms and motor complications were collected for comparison between two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the risk factors of apathy in PD. Results:Among 254 PD patients, 124 (48.8%) cases were in apathy. Compared with non-apathy group, apathy group was older in age and age of onset, higher in the scores of Movement Disorder Society United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (MDS-UPDRS Ⅲ), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (t > 2.291, P < 0.05), and lower in the scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (t > 22.424, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in gender, time of education, body mass index (BMI), disease course, Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage, wearing-off phenomenon, dyskinesia, on-and-off phenomenon, and the scores of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDQ) and Epworth Sleeping Scale (ESS) between two groups (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the age of disease onset, MoCA and HAMD scores were correlated with apathy in patients with PD (P < 0.05). Conclusion:The presence of apathy in PD may be associated with older age of disease onset, severity of depression and cognitive impairment.
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Objective:To explore the structural differences and the trend in series scores of Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods:From June, 2017 to March, 2018, 168 PD patients from Beijing Tiantan Hospital were reviewed. Their genders, ages, courses of disease, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores, unified Parkinson's disease rating scale III (UPDRS III) scores，Hoehn-Yahr stage and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, the most improvement ratios by PD drug and other clinical data were collected. The patients were divided into non-depression group (n = 61), mild depression group (n = 68) and moderate depression group (n = 39) according to the HAMD scores. The series scores of HAMD among the groups were compared. Results:The factor scores all increased with depression exacerbating (F > 10.546, P < 0.001), except day and night change in the mild depression group, while the proportion of anxiety/somatization score decreased, and the proportion of cognitive disorder and retardant scores increased. Conclusion:The depression structure changes in PD patients with depression exacerbating, which means decrease of anxiety/somatization and increase of cognitive disorder and retardant.
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Objectives:To explore the relationship between the dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) polymorphism on Ser9Gly and depression in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods:From June, 2016 to June, 2018, 312 Chinese patients with PD were divided into depression group (n = 132) and non-depression group (n = 180) according to scores of Hamilton Depression Scale. A total of 252 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects were recruited as control group. Their blood samples were collected. Genotyping of Ser9Gly polymorphism was carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results:No statistical difference was identified in Ser9Gly polymorphism among three groups in both gene types and allel (χ2 = 3.095, χ2 = 2.627, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Ser9Gly polymorphism in DRD3 gene may not be a susceptible factor for depression in PD in China.
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Objectives:To explore the relationship between the dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) polymorphism on Ser9Gly and depression in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods:From June, 2016 to June, 2018, 312 Chinese patients with PD were divided into depression group (n = 132) and non-depression group (n = 180) according to scores of Hamilton Depression Scale. A total of 252 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects were recruited as control group. Their blood samples were collected. Genotyping of Ser9Gly polymorphism was carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results:No statistical difference was identified in Ser9Gly polymorphism among three groups in both gene types and allel (χ2 = 3.095, χ2 = 2.627, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Ser9Gly polymorphism in DRD3 gene may not be a susceptible factor for depression in PD in China.
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Objective To explore the relationship between the polymorphisms of exon 41 in COL6A3 and sporadic isolated dystonia in China. Methods A total of 127 outpatients with isolated dystonia and other 130 age-and gender-matched healthy controls were collected their blood samples. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was screened from 1000 Genomes Project. Genotype was detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and the genotype and allele distribution were compared between the patients and the controls. Results Two SNPs in exon 41 in COL6A3 were found,named rs1131296 and rs2270669.There was no difference be-tween the patients and the controls in both genotype and allele(χ2<1.829,P>0.05).There was no difference in the age of onset among the patients with various genotypes(P>0.05). Conclusion Polymorphism of exon 41 in COL6A3 gene may not contribute to risk of sporadic isolated dystonia in China.
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Objective To compare the characteristics of tremor and improvement after acute levodopa challenge test in young onset Parkinson's disease(YOPD)and late onset Parkinson's disease(LOPD)with a cross-sectional study. Methods From Match to September,2017,70 Parkinson's disease inpatients with rest or postural tremor in at least one extremity were included,in which 23 patients were in YOPD group,and other 47 in LOPD group according to their ages of onset.They finished acute levodopa challenge test and were analyzed for dominant tremor frequen-cy,amplitude and rhythm under resting state,posturing and holding 1000 grams state,respectively. Results YOPD group was younger(t=-2.423,P<0.01)with lower Hoehn-Yahr stage(χ2=-4.604,P<0.05),and needed less equivalent dose of levodopa at early stage(first five years)(t=-2.119,P<0.05).There was a bigger ratio of patients with rest tremor in frequency of four to six Hz in YOPD group than in LOPD group(χ2=3.896,P<0.05). Rigidity and bradykinesia scores of LOPD group positively correlated with the course of disease (r=0.34, P<0.05),while it was not found in YOPD group. Conclusion Tremor expresses most in the classical way in YOPD patients,and tremor analysis could help to diagnose young adults. Both YOPD and LOPD patients get well in acute levodopa challenge test, while YOPD patients need less equivalent dose of levodopa at early stage.